Research Background The visual system is one of the most complex sensory systems in the mammalian brain, relying on the coordinated activity of multiple brain regions, particularly the information transfer between the thalamus and the primary visual cortex (V1). The processing of visual information involves not only the extraction of basic features...

Sex Differences in Olfactory Behavior and Neurophysiology in Long Evans Rats Academic Background Olfaction plays a crucial role in the survival and reproduction of many species. Studies have shown that females exhibit greater sensitivity in certain olfactory behaviors compared to males. For example, human females outperform males in olfactory thres...

Phase-Dependent Language Perception in Neural Oscillations: An Interdisciplinary Study Report Background During speech perception, the phase of neural oscillations plays a crucial role in the separation of neural representations and perceptual decisions. However, the specific phase-encoding mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to reveal how p...

Background and Research Questions Working memory and post-task responses (PTRs) in the brain have been a focal point in neuroscience research. Previous studies have shown that post-movement beta rebound (PMBR) is a reliable and stable phenomenon in the cerebral cortex that can be studied and measured using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Recent resea...

One of the key issues in understanding the visual system’s selective attention is how it optimizes the perception and processing of visual information in specific behavioral contexts. Although previous research has analyzed the pivotal role of individual neuron firing rates in information transmission, our understanding remains limited regarding ho...