Hydrological, Geochemical and Microbiological Controls on Iron Mineralisation in an Intermittent Stream

Iron is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, widely present in the Earth’s crust, water bodies, and living organisms. The redox reactions of iron in natural cycles, especially in water bodies, play a crucial role in nutrient cycling and pollutant degradation in ecosystems. However, the mechanisms of iron cycling and its interaction with micr...

Factors Influencing the Efficacy of Microbial Remediation of Selenium in Groundwater Near a Coal-Fired Power Plant

Selenium (Selenium) is an essential trace element widely found in nature and involved in various biological metabolic processes. However, when selenium concentrations are too high, they can cause severe toxic effects on humans, animals, and the environment. Industrial activities, especially coal combustion in coal-fired power plants, are one of the...

Microbial Reduction of Fe(III)-Bearing Solids Recovered from Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback Water: Implications for Wastewater Treatment

Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to extract natural gas from unconventional reservoirs, but it generates large volumes of flowback and produced water. These waters contain complex mixtures of organic and inorganic constituents, particularly the solids associated with these fluids, which are often rich in iron (Fe), toxic organics, heavy met...

Bacterial Toxicity of Sulfidated Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron in Aerobic and Anaerobic Systems: Implications for Chlorinated Solvent Clean-Up Strategies

Academic Background The widespread use and improper disposal of chlorinated solvents (such as perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene) have led to severe contamination of soil and groundwater worldwide. These pollutants not only threaten groundwater security but may also affect human health through the food chain. Although traditional microbial red...

Theoretical Insights into 1:2 and 1:3 Internal Resonance for Frequency Stabilization in Nonlinear Micromechanical Resonators

Research on Internal Resonance Mechanisms in Micromechanical Resonators and Their Application in Frequency Stabilization Background Introduction Micromechanical resonators play a crucial role in modern timekeeping and sensing devices due to their high frequency, high quality factor, and high sensitivity. However, the extremely low damping character...

Secure Finite-Time Filtering for Switched Fuzzy Systems with Scaling Attacks and Stochastic Sensor Faults

Research on Secure Finite-Time Filter Design for Switched Fuzzy Systems Academic Background In modern control systems, switched systems and fuzzy systems have garnered significant attention due to their effectiveness in handling complex nonlinear dynamics. However, with the proliferation of networked systems, these systems face threats from sensor ...

Stochastic Response Spectrum Determination of Nonlinear Systems Endowed with Fractional Derivative Elements

Stochastic Response Spectrum Study of Nonlinear Systems: Introduction and Analysis Methods of Fractional Derivative Elements Academic Background In the fields of engineering and physics, nonlinear dynamic systems are widely used to model complex phenomena. However, predicting the response of these systems under stochastic excitation becomes highly ...

Nonlinear Displacement Control and Force Estimation in a Piezoelectric Robotic Manipulator

Academic Background In the fields of engineering and materials science, precise control of robotic manipulator displacement and force is crucial for studying the mechanical properties of materials, especially when dealing with objects exhibiting nonlinear viscoelastic deformation. For instance, in textiles, aerospace, medical, and energy production...

Chirality-Driven Collective Dynamics in Oscillators with Attractive and Repulsive Couplings

Background Introduction Complex systems are ubiquitous in nature, appearing in various forms such as neural networks, social networks, and power grids. Understanding the dynamical transitions within these systems is often achieved through mathematical models, particularly coupled nonlinear oscillators, which exhibit a wide variety of collective beh...

Hierarchical Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Constrained Under-Actuated Nonlinear Systems Against Sensor Faults

Background Introduction In modern engineering practices, under-actuated systems are widely used in fields such as overhead cranes, wheeled inverted pendulums, and snake robots due to their simple structure, low energy consumption, and high flexibility. However, the number of control inputs in under-actuated systems is less than the degrees of freed...