Background Introduction Globally, unsustainable agricultural practices have led to ecosystem degradation, particularly the destruction of grassland ecosystems due to overgrazing. Mongolia, as the world’s second-largest producer of cashmere, has significant economic, cultural, and ecological impacts from its nomadic herding practices. However, with ...
Academic Background The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, harboring a high number of endemic species and providing critical ecosystem services. However, a long history of deforestation has reduced its original forest cover to just 24%. Despite existing legal protections, the rate of forest loss remains alarming....
Academic Background As global population ageing intensifies, the impact of air pollution on public health becomes increasingly significant. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is recognized as a major factor contributing to health issues such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory illnesses, and cognitive impairments. Particularly in...
Academic Background With the global transition to a low-carbon society, the demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as an important energy storage technology is rapidly increasing. However, the limited availability of lithium resources and the disposal of spent batteries have become pressing issues. Traditional lithium recycling methods, such as py...
The Paris Agreement is a crucial framework for global climate action, with countries outlining their climate goals and strategies through Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). While existing research has primarily focused on assessing the mitigation targets within NDCs, the broader textual content of these documents has received little system...
Academic Background With the continuous growth of global energy demand, Energy Storage Technology (EST) plays a crucial role in mitigating environmental impacts and reducing carbon footprints. EST is not only an essential component of renewable energy but also a key factor in decarbonizing the global energy structure. However, selecting the appropr...
Iron is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, widely present in the Earth’s crust, water bodies, and living organisms. The redox reactions of iron in natural cycles, especially in water bodies, play a crucial role in nutrient cycling and pollutant degradation in ecosystems. However, the mechanisms of iron cycling and its interaction with micr...
Selenium (Selenium) is an essential trace element widely found in nature and involved in various biological metabolic processes. However, when selenium concentrations are too high, they can cause severe toxic effects on humans, animals, and the environment. Industrial activities, especially coal combustion in coal-fired power plants, are one of the...
Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to extract natural gas from unconventional reservoirs, but it generates large volumes of flowback and produced water. These waters contain complex mixtures of organic and inorganic constituents, particularly the solids associated with these fluids, which are often rich in iron (Fe), toxic organics, heavy met...
Academic Background The widespread use and improper disposal of chlorinated solvents (such as perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene) have led to severe contamination of soil and groundwater worldwide. These pollutants not only threaten groundwater security but may also affect human health through the food chain. Although traditional microbial red...