Role of the Transcription Factor Nrf2 in Maintaining the Integrity of the Blood-Brain Barrier

The Role of Nrf2 in Maintaining the Integrity of the Blood-Brain Barrier Academic Background The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial barrier between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral blood circulation, composed of endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, astrocytes, and neurons. The primary function of the BBB is to s...

Reduced Oxycodone Brain Delivery in Rats due to Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation: Microdialysis Insights into Brain Disposition and Sex-Specific Pharmacokinetics

The Impact of Inflammation on Brain Delivery of Oxycodone Academic Background Oxycodone is a widely used opioid analgesic with a unique property of being actively transported from the blood to the brain across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This process is believed to be associated with the proton-coupled organic cation (H+/OC) antiporter system. H...

Ubiquitin Regulatory X (UBX) Domain-Containing Protein 6 is Essential for Autophagy Induction and Inflammation Control in Macrophages

Critical Role of UBXN6 in Autophagy Induction and Inflammation Control in Macrophages Background The innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against pathogen invasion and inflammatory responses. Monocytes and macrophages, as key cell types in the innate immune system, play critical roles during infection and inflammation. However, ...

Alternative mRNA Polyadenylation Regulates Macrophage Hyperactivation via the Autophagy Pathway

NUDT21 Regulates Macrophage Hyperactivation via the Autophagy Pathway Academic Background The inflammatory response is a critical component of the body’s immune defense, facilitating pathogen clearance and tissue repair. However, dysregulation of the inflammatory response can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease ...

Human Dorsal Root Ganglia are Either Preserved or Completely Lost After Deafferentation by Brachial Plexus Injury

Paper Title: Human Dorsal Root Ganglia Are Either Preserved or Completely Lost After Deafferentation by Brachial Plexus Injury Authors: Annemarie Sodmann, Johannes Degenbeck, Annemarie Aue, Magnus Schindehütte, Felicitas Schlott, Panagiota Arampatzi, Thorsten Bischler, Max Schneider, Alexander Brack, Camelia M. Monoranu, Tom Gräfenhan, Michael Bohn...

Multiomic Analysis Identifies Survival Predictors in African American Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Multi-omics Analysis Reveals Predictors of Survival in African American AML Patients Background and Objectives Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of myeloid progenitor cells driven by genomic alterations. Despite advances in genomic profiling, studies focusing on diverse ancestral populations ...

Selective Advantage of Mutant Stem Cells in Human Clonal Hematopoiesis Associated with Attenuated Response to Inflammation and Aging

Selective Advantage of Clonal Hematopoietic Mutant Stem Cells in Aging and Inflammatory Responses Background and Research Motivation Clonal Hematopoiesis (CH) is an aging-related phenomenon in the hematopoietic system, where hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) acquire specific somatic mutations and undergo expansion, causing a particular mutated cell l...

Dietary Timing-Induced Gut Microbiota Diurnal Oscillations Modulate Inflammatory Rhythms in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Influence of Dietary Timing on Circadian Rhythms of Gut Microbiota and Rheumatoid Arthritis Inflammation Background Introduction Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation and progressive joint destruction, severely affecting the quality of life of patients. The inflammation and symptoms of RA p...

SGLT2 Inhibitor Promotes Ketogenesis to Improve MASH by Suppressing CD8+ T Cell Activation

SGLT2 Inhibitor Promotes Ketogenesis to Improve MASH by Suppressing CD8+ T Cell Activation

Research on SGLT2 Inhibitors Alleviating MASH by Enhancing Ketogenesis to Inhibit CD8+ T Cell Activation Research Background and Problem Positioning Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) has become a global health concern. Its severe stage, Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH), leads to hepatocyte damag...

A Multidimensional Analysis of the Impact of Obesity on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Efficacy

Background and Research Motivation Obesity has been identified as an important risk factor for various malignancies. It not only promotes the growth and spread of tumor cells but also leads to generally poorer prognosis in patients. However, recent research has found that obese patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) therapy, especial...