β-Sitosterol Alleviates Neuropathic Pain by Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Background Neuropathic pain is a common and difficult-to-treat chronic pain condition in clinical practice, with complex and not fully understood etiology. Research has shown that neuroinflammation is one of the main causes of chronic neuropathic pain. Microglia...

The Gender-Dependent Effects of Carbohydrate Sources and Quantity on Caspase-1 Activity in the Central Nervous System of Mice Research Background With the global intensification of aging, the incidence of cognitive impairments and dementia is rapidly increasing, with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common form of senile dementia. Studies have sh...

The Role of Microglia in Neuroinflammation: Metabolic and Gender Differences in Aging Research Background Aging is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Parkinson’s Disease. Even healthy aging is accompanied by a decline in cognitive function. Previous research has indicated that microglia undergo s...

Radiation Retinopathy Research Report Radiation Retinopathy (RR) is a common side effect following radiation therapy (such as brachytherapy or proton beam therapy) in ophthalmic tumor treatments. RR presents as delayed and progressive microvascular alterations, ischemia, and macular edema, which may ultimately lead to vision loss, neovascular glauc...

Inhibition of S6K Reduces Age-Related Inflammation and Extends Lifespan through the Endosomal-Lysosomal System Research Background and Problem Description As organisms age, chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) and declined immune function (immunosenescence) become important pathological foundations of many diseases in the elderly, such as ...

Oxidative Phosphorylation Regulates B Cell Effector Cytokines and Promotes Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis Background Introduction In recent years, the antibody-independent functions of B cells in health and disease have become a research hotspot, particularly their ability to secrete different cytokines that can activate or downregulate local i...

Heart Failure Promotes Multimorbidity through Innate Immune Memory Research Background Despite significant medical advances, the mortality rate of heart failure (HF) remains high, necessitating new therapeutic targets. HF patients often experience acute decompensation and develop comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease and frailty syndrome. Th...