Academic Background and Problem Statement Mitochondria, as crucial organelles in eukaryotic cells, are involved in cellular energy metabolism, signal transduction, and the regulation of cell survival and death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabet...

Academic Background Three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution large-volume imaging has remained a significant challenge in the field of biomedical research. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) slice imaging, while capable of providing planar morphological information of tissues and cells, fails to comprehensively display internal 3D structural informatio...

Uranium-Free KMnO₄/Pb Staining Enables Imaging of Tissue Architectures in Low Vacuum Scanning Electron Microscopy Academic Background Electron Microscopy (EM) is one of the most powerful tools for studying the ultrastructure of cells and tissues. However, traditional metal staining methods for biological samples often require the use of harmful ura...

Nucleosome Fibre Topology Guides Transcription Factor Binding to Enhancers Academic Background The establishment of cellular identity relies on the concerted action of multiple transcription factors (TFs) bound to enhancers of cell-type-specific genes. Although TFs recognize specific DNA motifs within accessible chromatin, this information alone is...

Lithocholic Acid Phenocopies Anti-Ageing Effects of Caloric Restriction Academic Background Caloric restriction (CR) is a dietary intervention used to promote health and longevity by reducing food intake. Although CR has been shown to extend the lifespan of various organisms, the specific metabolic mechanisms behind its effects remain unclear. In p...

Report on the Study of Diatom Phytochromes Integrating Underwater Light Spectrum to Sense Depth Academic Background The distribution of light in marine ecosystems profoundly influences aquatic life. Light not only attenuates with depth but also undergoes significant spectral changes. However, research on how phytoplankton perceive these light chang...

The Conformational Space of RNase P RNA in Solution Academic Background The conformational diversity of RNA plays a crucial role in biology, particularly in processes such as RNA splicing, packaging, cellular transcriptional activation, and responses to environmental stimuli. However, traditional biophysical techniques have been unable to directly ...

Spatial Transcriptomic Clocks Reveal Cell Proximity Effects in Brain Aging Academic Background With aging, cognitive function declines, and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases significantly increases. Brain aging is a complex process accompanied by numerous cellular changes. However, how aging cells affect neighboring cells and how this contribu...

Academic Background RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a crucial molecule in living organisms, involved in various biological processes such as gene expression, regulation, and catalysis. Although a significant portion of the human genome is transcribed into RNA, the structural study of RNA molecules remains a major challenge. RNA molecules typically exhibi...

Academic Background and Problem Statement In cancer research, gene amplification is a common form of mutation, particularly in the activation of oncogenes. However, despite the widely recognized importance of gene amplification in cancer, precisely modeling these amplifications in primary cells and model organisms remains a challenge. Specifically,...