Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enhances Remyelination and Decreases Innate Neuroinflammation in Lysolecithin-Induced Demyelination

Comprehensive Academic Report on Scientific Paper Research Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), affecting approximately 2.8 million people worldwide. The pathological mechanisms of this disease are mainly related to autoimmune-mediated demyelination and axonal transectio...

Characterization, number, and spatial organization of nerve fibers in the human cervical vagus nerve and its superior cardiac branch

Characteristics, Quantity, and Spatial Distribution of Human Cervical Vagus Nerve and its Cardiac Superior Branch Nerve Fibers Introduction In modern medicine, Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is widely used to treat various diseases such as epilepsy, obesity, depression, and heart diseases. Although the overall Vagus nerve stimulation method has prov...

Sustained Reduction of Essential Tremor with Low-Power Non-Thermal Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulations in Humans

Sustained Reduction of Essential Tremor with Low-Power Non-Thermal Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulations in Humans

Sustained Reduction of Essential Tremor with Low-Power Non-Thermal Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation in Humans Background Essential Tremor (ET) is one of the most common neurological disorders, primarily characterized by bilateral upper limb action tremor that persists for more than three years. For ET unresponsive to medication, neurosur...

Thresholds and Mechanisms of Human Magnetophosphene Perception Induced by Low Frequency Sinusoidal Magnetic Fields

Threshold and Mechanisms of Magnetophosphene Perception Background The effect of Magnetic Fields (MF) on the human body has long been a hot topic in scientific research. Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELF-MF) are widespread in daily life, primarily originating from power lines (50⁄60 Hz) and household appliances. These magnetic fields can...

Auditory Cues Modulate the Short Timescale Dynamics of STN Activity During Stepping in Parkinson’s Disease

Patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) often experience gait impairments, which severely affect their quality of life. Previous studies have suggested that β-frequency (15-30 Hz) oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia may be associated with gait impairments, but the exact dynamics of these oscillations during the gait process remain unclear. Add...

Intensity-Dependent Effects of TDCS on Motor Learning Are Related to Dopamine

The Intensity-Dependent Effects of Cortical Electrical Stimulation on Motor Learning and the Role of Dopamine Background Introduction Nowadays, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are widely used in neuroplasticity research to modulate cognition and behavior. However, optimizing stimulati...

Safety and Feasibility Study of Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Application of Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Randomized Safety and Feasibility Study Report Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is often accompanied by severe thunderclap headaches, which patients typically describe as the “worst headache of their lives.” The vast majority of patients (90%) con...

Learning Inverse Kinematics Using Neural Computational Primitives on Neuromorphic Hardware

Learning Inverse Dynamics Using Brain-Inspired Computational Principles on Neuromorphic Hardware Background and Research Motivation In the modern field of robotics, there is great potential for low-latency neuromorphic processing systems enabling autonomous artificial agents. However, the variability and low precision of current hardware foundation...

Magneto-Oscillatory Localization for Small-Scale Robots

Detailed Explanation of a New Small-scale Magneto-oscillatory Localization Method and Its Application in Robotics Research Background and Motivation Micro-robots have demonstrated immense potential in the medical field, especially in minimally invasive surgeries, targeted drug delivery, and in vivo sensing. Recently, significant progress has been m...

Tactile Perception: A Biomimetic Whisker-Based Method for Clinical Gastrointestinal Diseases Screening

Clinical Gastrointestinal Disease Screening Based on the Bionic Artificial Tentacle Method Background Gastrointestinal diseases display a wide range of complex symptoms globally, such as diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, malabsorption, malnutrition, and even neurological dysfunction. These diseases pose significant health challenges and socioeco...