Preventing Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through Suppressing TGR5-Mediated Fatty Acid Uptake Background and Problem Statement Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DBCM) is a severe complication frequently faced by diabetic patients, characterized by lipid accumulation in the myocardium and cardiac dysfunction. Bile acid metabolism plays a crucial role in cardiovascu...

Microbial Metabolite Ethylamine as FXR Agonist Promotes Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Female Mice I. Research Background and Objectives Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting 6%-20% of women of reproductive age worldwide. Symptoms of PCOS include hyperandrogenemia, ovarian dysfunction, and polycystic ...

Acetate Reprograms Tumor Metabolism and Promotes Immune Evasion and PD-L1 Expression by Upregulating c-myc Introduction Reprogramming of tumor metabolism is of great significance in cancer research, and acetate plays a crucial role in this process. In tumor cells, acetate is an important precursor of acetyl-CoA, which is used for energy production,...

This paper aims to explore the physiological importance of glycolysis in neuronal metabolic processes. For a long time, although neuronal activity mainly relies on glucose for energy, neurons have relatively weak glucose metabolism, mainly through glycolysis rather than other metabolic pathways. This phenomenon can be attributed to the sustained de...

The Coordinating Role of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ Pathway in Adipose Plasticity and Energy Balance Adipose tissue not only serves as an energy storage depot but also functions as an endocrine organ. However, the mechanisms coordinating these functions remain elusive. This study unveiled that the transcriptional co-regulators YAP and TAZ maintain metabolic...

Oxygen is an essential substance for all metazoan organisms on Earth, influencing biological processes under various physiological and pathological conditions. Although systems that induce acute hypoxic responses, including the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, have been identified, their mechanisms of action under prolonged hypoxia remain in...

Differential Effects of Exercise Timing on Skeletal Growth in Mice Introduction Skeletal growth is crucial for adult height and bone health. Studies have shown that exercise can effectively increase bone density, but the optimal exercise timing remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the optimal exercise timing by comparing the effects of ...

The Intensity-Dependent Effects of Cortical Electrical Stimulation on Motor Learning and the Role of Dopamine Background Introduction Nowadays, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are widely used in neuroplasticity research to modulate cognition and behavior. However, optimizing stimulati...

Accelerating the Discovery of Ionizable Lipids for mRNA Delivery using Machine Learning and Combinatorial Chemistry Research Background To fully realize the potential of mRNA therapies, it is essential to expand the toolkit of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). However, a key bottleneck in LNP development is identifying new ionizable lipids. Previous stud...

Unique Patterns of Glycosylation in Plaques and Microglia in Alzheimer’s Disease Research Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. AD is characterized by two pathological features: extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular phosphorylated Tau neurofibrillary ta...