Decoding Human Biology and Disease with Single-Cell Omics Technologies Background Introduction Cells are the fundamental units of life. A single fertilized egg can develop into an entire complex human body, composed of approximately 37 trillion cells organized into various tissues, organs, and systems. Traditional cell classification methods primar...
Protein Structure Prediction: Challenges, Progress, and Shifts in Research Paradigms Protein structure prediction is an important interdisciplinary research topic that has attracted researchers from various fields including biochemistry, medicine, physics, mathematics, and computer science. Researchers have adopted multiple research paradigms to so...
Application of Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) in Tumor Patient Assessment and Treatment Planning Background Homologous Recombination (HR) is an important mechanism for repairing DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs). However, when key genes in the HR repair pathway are mutated or epigenetically inactivated, cells are unable to effectively repa...
Omics Perspective on Cell Fate Determination Mechanisms Background Introduction During early mammalian embryo development, a totipotent zygote undergoes several cell divisions and two rounds of cell fate determination, ultimately forming a mature blastocyst. In this process, as the embryo compresses, the establishment of apicobasal cell polarity br...
Aging-induced trnaGlu-derived fragments disrupt glutamate biosynthesis by targeting mitochondrial translation-dependent cristae organization Academic Background Mitochondrial cristae are inward protrusions of the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo significant morphological changes during aging. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to th...
Background Introduction Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver disease with an incidence rate of about 25%. Its prevalence is even higher among obese and type 2 diabetic populations. MAFLD is a complex systemic disease that can progress from metabolic-associated fatty liver (MAFL) to metab...
Background Introduction In modern society, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, previously NAFLD) is a common and serious chronic liver disease. However, the current understanding of its pathological mechanisms is not complete, including its progression to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), liver fi...
Role of GLP-1R in T Cells and Its Regulatory Mechanism for Anti-transplant Immunity and Anti-tumor Immunity Academic Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is known as a key regulator of glucose metabolism, primarily expressed in pancreatic β cells. Previous studies have clarified that GLP-1R agonists have significant effects in reduc...
Background Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignancy with a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), showing strong resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, such as anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 treatments. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) derived from tumors play a critical role in tumor immune supp...
Inhibition of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Enhances Antitumor Immunity of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells Background and Objective In recent years, the impact of metabolic changes in the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) on the function of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) has become a hot topic in immunological research. Although T cells possess strong a...