The Intensity-Dependent Effects of Cortical Electrical Stimulation on Motor Learning and the Role of Dopamine Background Introduction Nowadays, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are widely used in neuroplasticity research to modulate cognition and behavior. However, optimizing stimulati...

Application of Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Randomized Safety and Feasibility Study Report Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is often accompanied by severe thunderclap headaches, which patients typically describe as the “worst headache of their lives.” The vast majority of patients (90%) con...

Unique Patterns of Glycosylation in Plaques and Microglia in Alzheimer’s Disease Research Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. AD is characterized by two pathological features: extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular phosphorylated Tau neurofibrillary ta...

Study on Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) and the Level of Tight Junction Protein Claudin-5 in Microvessels Background Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) is a disease caused by the deposition of Amyloid-β (Aβ) in the cerebral blood vessels. Research indicates that approximately 23% of individuals over the age of 55 have moderate to severe CAA. CAA ...

Neuroimaging and Molecular Markers in Alzheimer’s Disease: Data-Driven Meta-Analysis Research Background Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized mainly by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment, making it the most common type of dementia. Neuronal loss, one of the primary hallmarks of AD, is closely a...

Background and Research Motivation Alcohol abuse is a global health issue, affecting over 8% of the male population. Prolonged alcohol exposure can alter the homeostasis of neurons and synapses in the brain, leading to various mental disorders and cognitive deficits, especially in motor learning. Previous studies have shown that alcohol abuse cause...

TDRD3 Deficient Mice Exhibit Deficits in Neurogenesis and Synaptic Plasticity at Both Post-transcriptional and Behavioral Levels Research Background Topoisomerase 3b (top3b) is a dual-activity topoisomerase capable of resolving DNA and RNA topological problems. An increasing body of evidence indicates that top3b functions as a conserved complex wit...

Advances in Neurobiology: “Navigating” Predictable Spontaneous Brain States through Cognitive Maps Background Introduction Spontaneous brain activity refers to brain processes that are not constrained by specific inputs or outputs, and these processes play an important role in neural and cognitive variability. Although the specific mechanisms of sp...

A Study on the Effect of YEATS2 Gene Knockdown on Dopaminergic Synaptic Integrity and Epileptic-like Behavior in Drosophila Background Introduction Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by abnormal electrical activities in the brain. These abnormal activities can lead to seizures and other neurological symptoms. Familial adult my...

One of the key issues in understanding the visual system’s selective attention is how it optimizes the perception and processing of visual information in specific behavioral contexts. Although previous research has analyzed the pivotal role of individual neuron firing rates in information transmission, our understanding remains limited regarding ho...