New Discoveries in Brain Science: The Relationship Between Early Lateralization of Dorsal White Matter Tracts Targeting Broca’s Area and Language Development Research Background Language development is one of the key areas in human cognitive science. Existing research indicates that language functions in the adult brain exhibit significant laterali...
Analysis of the Effect of Central LEAP-2 on Food Intake and Its Impact on Nucleus Accumbens Dopamine Release Background Introduction Gut-brain peptides such as ghrelin and their receptors have been established as important factors in regulating hunger and reward processing. However, the liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (Leap2), an inverse ag...
This academic paper, authored by researchers Elizabeth C. Heaton, Esther H. Seo, Laura M. Butkovich, Sophie T. Yount, and Shannon L. Gourley, primarily explores the role of the melanocortin system in the dorsal striatum in controlling goal-directed behavior and inflexible behavior, particularly in inhibiting habitual behavior in the dorsolateral st...
Major Breakthrough in Brain Science: Multimodal MRI Reveals Brainstem Connectivity Maintaining Human Consciousness and Wakefulness Background Introduction Consciousness comprises two fundamental components: wakefulness and awareness. Despite significant progress in understanding the cortical networks related to consciousness over the past two decad...
Research Background and Motivation Neuropathic pain is a complex and common clinical issue, accompanied by persistent spontaneous pain. Patients often report symptoms such as spontaneous pain, electric shock sensations, and burning pain. The physiological mechanisms behind this type of pain are complex, and reliable research models or biomarkers ar...
New Breakthrough in the Field of Cerebral Vascular Diseases: Clinical Application of Small Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Probe Academic Background and Research Motivation In recent years, interventional treatment has become the preferred method for cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral aneurysm, ischemic stroke, arterial dissection, and ...
Encoding of Cerebellar-Olivary Neuronal Ensemble Activity for Tremor Frequency in Mice and Patients with Essential Tremor Research Background Essential Tremor (ET) is a common movement disorder characterized primarily by action tremor, affecting about 20% of the elderly population. The frequency and intensity of tremor are core features of ET. Howe...
This article is written by Jeremy M. Sullivan et al. and published in the journal “Science Translational Medicine” on May 22, 2024, titled “Gain-of-function TRPV4 Mutations in Endothelial Cells Disrupt the Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier and Cause Motor Neuron Degeneration in Mice.” Academic Background The research background of this article revolves aro...
High-Fidelity Fatigue-Resistant Muscle Control Through Closed-Loop Optogenetic Neural Modulation Background Introduction Skeletal muscle is the biological actuator for almost all movements in animals and humans. However, under various neurological conditions, the communication pathways between the central nervous system and neuromuscular components...
Simultaneously Recording Up to a Million Neurons’ Cortical Dynamics Reveals Unbounded Scaling of Neuronal Quantity and Dimensionality Summary This scientific report titled “Simultaneously Recording Up to a Million Neurons’ Cortical Dynamics Reveals Unbounded Scaling of Neuronal Quantity and Dimensionality,” published in the journal Neuron (Volume 1...