The Effect of TDCS on Inhibitory Control and Its Transfer Effect on Sustained Attention in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An fNIRS Study Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication impairments, narrow interests, and repetitive behaviors. Many studies have found th...

The Intensity-Dependent Effects of Cortical Electrical Stimulation on Motor Learning and the Role of Dopamine Background Introduction Nowadays, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are widely used in neuroplasticity research to modulate cognition and behavior. However, optimizing stimulati...

Background and Research Motivation Alcohol abuse is a global health issue, affecting over 8% of the male population. Prolonged alcohol exposure can alter the homeostasis of neurons and synapses in the brain, leading to various mental disorders and cognitive deficits, especially in motor learning. Previous studies have shown that alcohol abuse cause...

Advances in Neurobiology: “Navigating” Predictable Spontaneous Brain States through Cognitive Maps Background Introduction Spontaneous brain activity refers to brain processes that are not constrained by specific inputs or outputs, and these processes play an important role in neural and cognitive variability. Although the specific mechanisms of sp...

One of the key issues in understanding the visual system’s selective attention is how it optimizes the perception and processing of visual information in specific behavioral contexts. Although previous research has analyzed the pivotal role of individual neuron firing rates in information transmission, our understanding remains limited regarding ho...

Study Reveals Molecular Mechanisms of Enhanced Cocaine Craving in Rats During Withdrawal Background Introduction The issue of relapse in drug abuse poses a significant challenge in addiction treatment. According to related research, relapse behaviors in drug addiction are often triggered by environmental cues associated with drug use. This phenomen...

The Regulatory Mechanism of Central Complement C3a Receptor on LPS-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior Introduction With the increasing number of depression patients globally, major depressive disorder (MDD) has become one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. The symptoms, treatment effects, and biological correlations of depression exhibit ...

Analysis of Gender Differences in Transcriptomes of Postmortem Brain Tissues from Psychiatric Patients Background Gender differences in psychiatric patients are a well-documented phenomenon. Disorders such as Schizophrenia (SCZ), Bipolar Disorder (BD), and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) all exhibit significant gender differences. However, the speci...

Insights into the Association Between Sleep and Mortality Revealed by Self-supervised Learning of Wrist-worn Accelerometer Data In modern society, sleep is an essential basic activity for life, and its importance is self-evident. Accurately measuring and classifying sleep/wake states and different sleep stages is crucial for diagnosing sleep disord...

Obsessive-compulsive behaviors have long been associated with overactivation of the striatum. The GABA-ergic parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PVIs) in the striatum play a crucial role in regulating striatal activity and inhibiting inappropriate motivated behaviors. To investigate the potential role of striatal PVIs in regulating obsessive-compuls...