Background Tracheal intubation is a critical procedure in anesthesia and intensive care. However, despite international campaigns emphasizing the use of capnography to confirm tracheal intubation, unrecognized esophageal intubation continues to result in patient deaths. Esophageal intubation is an avoidable and potentially fatal complication, espec...

External Validation of Preoperative Risk Scores for 30-Day In-Hospital Mortality in Pediatric Patients Academic Background Although the perioperative mortality rate in pediatric patients is low (<0.5%), it remains a significant issue in clinical practice. Traditional risk assessment tools, such as the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Phy...

Academic Background Preoperative anemia and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are closely associated with poorer surgical outcomes. Although RBC transfusions can increase oxygen delivery, they are also linked to an increased risk of infectious complications, thromboembolic events, pneumonia, sepsis, cardiac events, and mortality. Therefore, when st...

Clinical Decision Support Guided by Risk Models in Suicide Screening: A Randomized Clinical Trial Academic Background Suicide prevention is a crucial topic in global public health, particularly in healthcare environments where identifying and intervening in suicide risks are top priorities. Traditional methods for identifying suicide risks rely mai...

Trends in Screening for Social Risk in US Physician Practices Report Academic Background In recent years, the importance of social risk screening in healthcare has become increasingly prominent, with more research focusing on identifying patients’ social risk factors such as food insecurity, housing instability, utility needs, interpersonal violenc...

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Overview Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is a serious medical emergency with an annual incidence of approximately 60 to 120 cases per 100,000 people in North America and Europe. Most patients are diagnosed with PE in the Emergency Department (ED), and hospitalization is required for the majority of U.S. patients. Anticoagulation is ...

The Relationship Between Social Risks and Cancer Screening Adherence Among U.S. Adults Academic Background Cancer screening is a critical tool for the early detection and prevention of cancer, significantly improving treatment outcomes and reducing mortality rates. However, despite recommendations from various U.S. health agencies for colorectal, l...

Academic Report on the Study “Exposure to School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes” In recent years, the prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia among the elderly has been on the rise. In the U.S., significant disparities in cognitive health exist between non-Hispanic Black individuals and non-Hispanic White individuals. R...

Academic Background Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide, particularly in Western countries. Despite advances in early diagnosis and treatment significantly improving survival rates, cancer recurrence remains a major clinical challenge. This is particularly true for patients with high-risk nonmetastatic hormone-sensiti...

Report on the Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Systemic Glucocorticoids and Offspring Mental Disorders Academic Background Glucocorticoids are widely used among pregnant women, particularly those at high risk of preterm birth or with autoimmune disorders. These treatments can reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality or alleviate symptoms by ...