Autonomous Navigation and Walking Wheel-Leg Robot Background Introduction The acceleration of urbanization has posed significant challenges for supply chain logistics, especially for last-mile delivery. As traffic pressure increases and the demand for faster delivery services rises, particularly with complex routes indoors and on city streets, trad...

High-Fidelity Fatigue-Resistant Muscle Control Through Closed-Loop Optogenetic Neural Modulation Background Introduction Skeletal muscle is the biological actuator for almost all movements in animals and humans. However, under various neurological conditions, the communication pathways between the central nervous system and neuromuscular components...

Liver Danger Signal Triggers TREM2+ Macrophage-Mediated MS4A7-Dependent Inflammasome Activation Driving Steatohepatitis Background and Research Motivation In recent years, with the increasing incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), its pathological mechanisms have garnered significant attention. MASH, formerly known as...

Stereoscopic Artificial Compound Eyes for Spatiotemporal Perception in Three-Dimensional Space This research article was published on May 15, 2024, in the journal Science Robotics, titled “Stereoscopic Artificial Compound Eyes for Spatiotemporal Perception in Three-Dimensional Space.” The first author is Byungjoon Bae, and the corresponding author ...

Real-World Humanoid Robot Walking Based on Reinforcement Learning Background Introduction Humanoid robots have enormous potential for autonomous operation in diverse environments, not only alleviating labor shortages in factories but also assisting elderly people at home and exploring new planets. Although classical controllers show excellent effec...

Ultra-wide Field-of-view Pinhole Compound Eye Based on Hemispherical Nanowire Array for Robotic Vision In the rapid development of contemporary artificial intelligence and robotics technology, the visual system, as a crucial component, has attracted widespread attention and in-depth research. According to a research paper published by Zhou et al. o...

Simultaneously Recording Up to a Million Neurons’ Cortical Dynamics Reveals Unbounded Scaling of Neuronal Quantity and Dimensionality Summary This scientific report titled “Simultaneously Recording Up to a Million Neurons’ Cortical Dynamics Reveals Unbounded Scaling of Neuronal Quantity and Dimensionality,” published in the journal Neuron (Volume 1...

Application of Functional Ultrasound Imaging in the Study of the Human Spinal Cord Background Introduction The spinal cord is an important center for sensory and motor integration in the nervous system, responsible for monitoring the kinematics and posture of various body parts. Interruption of spinal cord information flow due to injury or disease ...

Background Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, regulating neuronal activity and plasticity through two distinct modes: phasic and tonic. However, our understanding of the mechanisms and physiological functions of GABA transmission in glial cells remains limited. Glial cells, especially astrocytes, ca...

Glucocorticoids Alter Human Cortical Neurogenesis by Regulating ZBTB16 Expression Background Introduction During pregnancy, glucocorticoids (GCs) are crucial steroid hormones for the development of the central nervous system (CNS). GCs regulate the development of fetal organs, particularly the lungs and brain. However, when GC levels exceed the phy...