Observational Cohort Study on Safety and Efficacy of Robotic Thyroidectomy with Super-Meticulous Capsular Dissection versus Open Surgery for Thyroid Cancer: Postoperative Dynamic Risk Assessment of Radioactive Iodine Therapy

Comparative Study of Robotic-Assisted Thyroidectomy versus Traditional Open Surgery in Thyroid Cancer Treatment Academic Background The incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing annually, with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) accounting for over 90% of all thyroid cancer cases. Currently, the standard treatment for DTC includes surgical...

Phosphatidylinositol Promotes the Proliferation and Invasion of Pituitary Adenoma Cells by Regulating POU1F1 Expression

Phosphatidylinositol Promotes Pituitary Adenoma Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Regulating POU1F1 Expression Background Pituitary adenoma (PA) is one of the most common primary intracranial tumors, accounting for approximately 15% of all intracranial tumors. Although most pituitary adenomas are benign, about 30% of them are invasive, known as in...

Similar Deficiencies, Different Outcomes: Succinate Dehydrogenase Loss in Adrenal Medulla vs. Fibroblast Cell Culture Models of Paraganglioma

Different Manifestations of SDH Loss in Adrenal Medulla vs. Fibroblast Models Background Introduction Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a key enzyme in the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain, responsible for oxidizing succinate to fumarate and participating in electron transfer. SDH consists of four subunits (S...

CYP19A1 Regulates Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer Through Modulation of Estrogen Biosynthesis and Mitochondrial Function

CYP19A1 Regulates Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer through Modulation of Estrogen Biosynthesis and Mitochondrial Function Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances in early detection and treatment strategies, chemoresistance remains a major obstacle to eff...

Advanced Bioresponsive Drug Delivery Systems for Promoting Diabetic Vascularized Bone Regeneration

Advanced Bioresponsive Drug Delivery Systems for Diabetic Vascularized Bone Regeneration Background The treatment of bone defects in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains a significant challenge, as the diabetic microenvironment severely impedes bone regeneration. Various abnormal factors in the diabetic microenvironment, such as hyperglycem...

Insulin Activates Parasympathetic Hepatic-Related Neurons of the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus Through mTOR Signaling

Insulin Activates Hepatic-Related Neurons in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus via mTOR Signaling Academic Background Glucose homeostasis is a critical physiological process for sustaining life, with the liver playing a central role in this regulation. The liver maintains blood glucose levels by modulating glycogen production and gluc...

Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Axonal Function in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Axonal Function in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Academic Background Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications in patients with type 2 diabetes worldwide, affecting approximately 50% of diabetic patients. The main symptoms of DPN include neuropathic pain, numbness, and in seve...

Dynamic Methylation and Expression of Alternative Promoters for Oestrogen Receptor Alpha in Cell Line Models of Fulvestrant Resistance

Dynamic Changes in Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα) Promoter Methylation and Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells Background Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide, with approximately 75% of breast cancer patients expressing estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, gene symbol ESR1). ERα is not only an important prognostic marker...

The Genetic Duet of Concurrent RASAL1 and PTEN Alterations Promotes Cancer Aggressiveness by Cooperatively Activating the PI3K–AKT Pathway

Mechanism of RASAL1 and PTEN Co-Alterations Promoting Cancer Aggressiveness Academic Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its occurrence and progression involve abnormalities in multiple genes and signaling pathways. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer, and its overactivation is closely re...

Local TSH/TSHR Signaling Promotes CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion and Immune Evasion in Colorectal Carcinoma

TSH/TSHR Signaling Promotes CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion and Immune Evasion in Colorectal Cancer Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has shown significant efficacy in some patients, the majority of CRC patients, parti...