Simultaneous Detection of Eight Cancer Types Using a Multiplex Droplet Digital PCR Assay

Multi-Cancer Detection Using Multiplex Droplet Digital PCR Methylation Assay Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with nearly 10 million deaths reported in 2020. Although many cancers can be cured when detected and treated early, many patients are still diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to poor treatment outcomes. ...

Dynamic Methylation and Expression of Alternative Promoters for Oestrogen Receptor Alpha in Cell Line Models of Fulvestrant Resistance

Dynamic Changes in Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα) Promoter Methylation and Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells Background Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide, with approximately 75% of breast cancer patients expressing estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, gene symbol ESR1). ERα is not only an important prognostic marker...

Assessments of Prostate Cancer Cell Functions Highlight Differences Between a Pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor, Gedatolisib, and Single-Node Inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway

Prostate Cancer Cell Function Assessments Reveal Differences Between Gedatolisib and Single-Node PI3K/AKT/mTOR Inhibitors Academic Background Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers among men worldwide, particularly in advanced stages where patients often develop resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), progressing to castra...

The Genetic Duet of Concurrent RASAL1 and PTEN Alterations Promotes Cancer Aggressiveness by Cooperatively Activating the PI3K–AKT Pathway

Mechanism of RASAL1 and PTEN Co-Alterations Promoting Cancer Aggressiveness Academic Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its occurrence and progression involve abnormalities in multiple genes and signaling pathways. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer, and its overactivation is closely re...

IDH Mutation, Glioma Immunogenicity, and Therapeutic Challenge of Primary Mismatch Repair Deficient IDH-Mutant Astrocytoma (PMMRDIA): A Systematic Review

Immunogenicity and Therapeutic Challenges of IDH-Mutant Gliomas Background Glioma is a common central nervous system tumor, and its treatment and prognosis vary significantly depending on molecular characteristics. In recent years, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations in gliomas has been increasingl...

The Alcatraz-Strategy: A Roadmap to Break the Connectivity Barrier in Malignant Brain Tumours

Cellular Network Connectivity and Therapeutic Strategies in Malignant Brain Tumors Academic Background Malignant brain tumors, particularly glioblastoma, are among the most aggressive and lethal tumors in the central nervous system. Despite significant advancements in tumor biology and treatment methods in recent years, the median survival for glio...

Unravelling the Mosaic: Epigenetic Diversity in Glioblastoma

Epigenetic Diversity in Glioblastoma Academic Background Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite decades of research, its prognosis remains extremely poor, with an average survival of only 14 months after diagnosis. The significant heterogeneity of glioblastoma is one of the main reasons for the slow progress in its t...

Targeting SRSF10 Might Inhibit M2 Macrophage Polarization and Potentiate Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The Role of SRSF10 in Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Academic Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks sixth in global cancer incidence and third in mortality. Although surgical resection is the primary treatment for HCC, the high postoperative recurrence rate significantly impacts patient prognosis. In recent years, immunotherap...

Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase-Positive Matrix Fibroblasts Fuel Breast Cancer Lung Metastasis via Kynurenine-Mediated Ferroptosis Resistance of Metastatic Cells and T Cell Dysfunction

Mechanism of Stromal Fibroblasts in Breast Cancer Lung Metastasis Background Introduction Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. The lung is one of the most common sites of breast cancer metastasis, yet the mechanisms underlying this process rema...

Local TSH/TSHR Signaling Promotes CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion and Immune Evasion in Colorectal Carcinoma

TSH/TSHR Signaling Promotes CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion and Immune Evasion in Colorectal Cancer Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has shown significant efficacy in some patients, the majority of CRC patients, parti...