Research Report on the Enhanced Spatial Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm for Brain Tissue Segmentation Academic Background Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a vital role in neurology, particularly in the precise segmentation of brain tissue. Accurate tissue segmentation is crucial for diagnosing brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Segmenting...

MRIO: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Acquisition and Analysis Ontology Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a biomedical imaging technology used to non-invasively visualize internal structures of tissues in three-dimensional space. MRI is widely used in studying the structure and function of the human brain and is a powerful tool for diagnosing neurol...

ADAM10-Mediated Human Prion Protein Cleavage and Its Relationship with Neurodegenerative Diseases Background The endopeptidic processing of multifunctional proteins is crucial for regulating their physiological functions and plays a significant role in various pathological conditions. Prion protein (PrP), a widely expressed glycosylphosphatidylinos...

Research Report on Abnormal Tau Proteins in the Retina of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia in the elderly population worldwide. The pathological features of AD include the deposition of amyloid beta-protein (Aβ) and the aggregation of abnormal microtubule-associated tau proteins in ...

Cross-Comparative Study of DNA Methylation Patterns in the Frontal Lobe White Matter of Multiple System Atrophy, Parkinson’s Disease, and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Academic Background Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal loss and gliosis, accompanied by glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) ...

Characteristics of Premature Cellular Senescence in Alzheimer’s Disease: Application of Single-Nucleus Transcriptomics Research Background and Objectives Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly, characterized by extracellular deposition of β-amyloid protein and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Other patholo...

Background Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by the death of neurons in the brain. Its main pathological features include extracellular β-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). β-amyloid plaques are primarily composed of aggregated Amyloid beta peptides (Aβ). A...

Gender Differences in Acute Axonal Pathology Following Experimental Concussion Academic Background Each year, approximately 50 million people worldwide suffer from concussions, also known as mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI). However, for more than 15% of patients, this “mild” brain injury can lead to lasting neurocognitive dysfunction. The exist...

Somatic and Germline PRNP Variants in Sporadic Human Prion Disease: A Neuropathological Study Introduction Prion diseases are a class of infectious, progressive, and fatal neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the pathological folding and aggregation of prion protein (PrP). Prion protein is encoded by the PRNP gene, with normal cellular prion...

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a disease caused by the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in cerebral blood vessels. It is common not only in the elderly and almost all patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but can also occur independently of other AD-related pathologies. The presence and severity of CAA promote the progression of AD-related cl...