Scientific Research Report: Drug Treatment Alleviates Retinal Ganglion Cell Death in Normal Tension Glaucoma Mouse Model by Inhibiting Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 2 Phosphorylation Background Normal Tension Glaucoma (NTG) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease in the glaucoma family. Typically, glaucoma is associated with elevated intra...

The Role of p39 in Cerebral Ischemic Injury Background Introduction Stroke is an extremely serious public health problem, with current research mainly focusing on injury mechanisms and new target identification. p39, as an activator of CDK5 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 5), plays a crucial role in various diseases. This article mainly investigates the r...

Pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Due to its unique molecular and clinical characteristics, the treatment of this type of tumor has been a focus of clinical research. Existing treatments mainly include maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but these treatments often lead to long...

Optogenetic Inhibition of Insular Cortex Glutamatergic Neurons Regulates Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain Introduction and Background Trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) is a severe facial disorder characterized by rapid and intense stabbing pain attacks that spread along the cutaneous segments of the trigeminal nerve. TNP occurs almost twice as frequentl...

Missense Mutation in AIFM1 Gene Leads to Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Riboflavin Deficiency Intolerance Research Background Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles found in eukaryotic cells with nuclei, primarily producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation to provide cellular energy. Mitochondria have their own gen...

Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group Guideline for CYP2C9, HLA-A and HLA-B Gene-Drug Interactions with Antiepileptic Drugs Background Pharmacogenetics (PGx) studies how genetic variations affect individual drug responses, aiming to guide drug selection and dosing, optimize drug therapy, prevent adverse drug reactions, and achieve safer and more cos...

New Scientific Research Reveals Association Between GABRA4 Gene and Neurological Phenotypes Research Background In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of epilepsy and developmental disorder syndromes associated with single gene mutations. GABAA receptors (gamma-aminobutyric acid sub-type A receptors, GABAARs) are heterogen...

Genetic Diversity in Hereditary Hearing Loss: The Potential Role of KINOCILIARY Protein TOGARAM2 Background Hearing Loss (HL) is a feature with multiple causes, and currently, research has identified pathogenic variants in over 200 genes associated with HL. Despite extensive research, the causative factor remains unidentified in more than one-third...

Neural computational mechanisms underlying fairness-based decisions: Self-Unfairness and Other-Unfairness Abstract: Fairness is a fundamental value in human society, and individuals show concern for both self-unfairness and other-unfairness. However, there has been a long-standing debate on whether self-unfairness and other-unfairness evoke shared ...

Differences in Brain Cortical Morphological Networks Between Gyri and Sulci Introduction The human brain, as an interconnected complex network, can be mapped through virtual imaging using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. By analyzing this network using graph theory methods, many studies have discovered some non-trivial topolo...