NF1 mutation-induced neuronal hyperexcitability drives murine optic glioma growth and can be targeted by lamotrigine treatment

Medicine, Neurology, Oncology, Life Sciences, Immunology, Genetics,
NF1 gene mutation   neuronal hyperexcitability   optic glioma   murine models   lamotrigine treatment  

Title: Treating Low-Grade Optic Pathway Glioma by Inhibiting Neuronal Activity Introduction: Optic pathway glioma (OPG) is a low-grade glioma commonly found in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is a common neurocutaneous syndrome with an incidence of approximately 1⁄3000. Although OPG is a low-grade tumor, it can lead to serious com...

Abnormal Functional Connectivity in Brain Regions of Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome Patients After Chemotherapy

Medicine, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Medical Imaging,
cerebellar mutism syndrome   functional connectivity   brain region abnormality   pediatric patients   post-chemotherapy  

Pediatric brainstem glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children, and surgical resection is the primary treatment method. However, posterior fossa surgery may lead to a complication known as “Pediatric Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome (CMS).” CMS is primarily characterized by temporary mutism, motor disorders, and emotional abnormali...

Phase I Trial of Dose Escalation for Preoperative Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Patients with Large Brain Metastases

Medicine, Neurosurgery, Medical Imaging, Oncology,
brain metastases   stereotactic radiosurgery   dose escalation   preoperative radiation  

This is a phase I clinical trial that explored the safety of preoperative single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with dose escalation for patients with brain metastases. The background of this study is that for brain metastases larger than 2cm in diameter, surgery alone or single-fraction SRS alone is difficult to achieve ideal local contr...

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarker for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Monitoring in Glioblastoma Patients

Medicine, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Medical Imaging, Oncology,
extracellular vesicles   biomarker   glioblastoma   diagnosis   prognosis  

This academic paper reports a study on exosomes in patients with glioblastoma. The study explored the potential application of exosomes as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response monitoring of glioblastoma. Academic Background: Glioblastoma is an invasive brain tumor, and despite comprehensive treatments such as surgery, chem...

Radical surgical resection with molecular margins is associated with improved survival in IDH wildtype GBM

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosurgery, Oncology, Life Sciences, Genetics,
glioblastoma   TERT promoter mutation   surgical margin   radical resection   survival  

In this research paper from the journal Neuro-Oncology, the researchers investigated the relationship between the residual tumor cells at the resection margin after surgical removal and the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with wildtype isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH wildtype) glioblastoma (GBM). The authors are ...

Demonstrated Efficacy and Mechanisms of Sensitivity of ONC201 in H3K27M-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma

Demonstrated Efficacy and Mechanisms of Sensitivity of ONC201 in H3K27M-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma

Medicine, Pediatrics, Neurology, Oncology,
ONC201   H3K27M-DMG   tumor treatment   mechanism study   clinical trial  

Review of Two New Studies on ONC201 Treatment for H3K27M-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma (H3K27M-DMG) This review reports on two new studies investigating the small molecule compound ONC201 for the treatment of H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (H3K27M-DMG). Background: H3K27M-DMG is an aggressive primary brain tumor that predominantly affects chi...

Treatment response as surrogate to predict risk for disease progression in pediatric medulloblastoma with persistent MRI lesions after first-line treatment

Medicine, Pediatrics, Neurosurgery, Medical Imaging, Oncology,
medulloblastoma   persistent lesions   treatment response   disease progression   prognosis prediction  

Response to First-Line Treatment of Persistent MRI Lesions in Pediatric Medulloblastoma as a Surrogate Marker for Predicting Risk of Disease Progression Medulloblastoma is one of the most common malignant central nervous system tumors in children. Although the multimodal treatment concept has significantly improved the prognosis for patients, the o...

Predicting the risk of neurocognitive decline after brain irradiation in adult patients with a primary brain tumor

Medicine, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Oncology,
brain tumor   radiotherapy   neurocognitive decline   prediction model  

Background Introduction: Radiotherapy is a major treatment modality for brain tumor patients, but it can cause cognitive decline as a side effect, which is one of the most concerning complications. Currently, there is a lack of tools in clinical practice to assess the risk of cognitive decline in patients. The purpose of this study is to establish ...

Eco-evolutionary feedbacks in the human gut microbiome

Medicine, Gastroenterology, Life Sciences, Genetics, Microbiology,
human gut microbiota   eco-evolutionary feedbacks   community dynamics  

Linking microbial evolution and ecological restructuring in the human gut Background: The human gut harbors hundreds of microbial species that interact with each other in a complex ecological network. Recent studies have shown that gut microbes can evolve within human-relevant timescales, but little is known about how this evolution impacts (or is ...