The Necessity of Human Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in Prosocial Motivation

The Necessity of the Human Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex for Prosocial Motivation Research Background and Motivation The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays a crucial role in decision-making processes. Functional neuroimaging studies indicate that the vmPFC is key in handling rewards and efforts and is also associated with prosocial behav...

Artifactually Inflates Brain-Wide Functional Connectivity Throughout Functional MRI Scans

Functional Connectivity Across the Brain and Temporally Enhanced Non-neuronal Low-Frequency Oscillation (SLFO) Blood Flow Signal Based on Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans In the field of neuroscience, a core question is how the brain’s connectivity reconfigures over time to support adaptive functional changes. These dynamically changing ...

Generation of Allogeneic CAR-NKT Cells from Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Using a Clinically Guided Culture Method

Generation of Clinically Applicable CAR-NKT Cells Research Background Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of B-cell malignancies and multiple myeloma. However, the use of autologous CAR-T cell products presents challenges such as high costs, long manufacturing ...

Long-term Intravital Subcellular Imaging with Confocal Scanning Light-Field Microscopy

Long-term Intravital Subcellular Imaging with Confocal Scanning Light-Field Microscopy

Breakthrough in Long-term Live Subcellular Imaging: Study of Confocal Scanning Light-Field Microscopy Research Background Long-term live cell dynamic observation is indispensable in studying physiological pathological processes such as immune response and brain function, requiring high spatiotemporal resolution and low phototoxicity. Existing confo...

Mapping Medically Relevant RNA Isoform Diversity in the Aged Human Frontal Cortex with Deep Long-Read RNA-Seq

Academic Background RNA isoforms play a critical role in gene expression regulation. On average, human protein-coding genes contain over eight RNA isoforms, leading to nearly four distinct protein-coding sequences. Traditional short-read sequencing technologies, due to their limitations in read length, cannot accurately assemble and quantify RNA is...

In Vivo AAV-SB-CRISPR Screens of Tumor-Infiltrating Primary NK Cells Identify Genetic Checkpoints of CAR-NK Therapy

AAV-SB-CRISPR Screening Identifies Genetic Checkpoints in Tumor-Infiltrating Primary Natural Killer Cells for CAR-NK Therapy With the rapid advancement of biotechnology and gene editing technologies, increasing attention is being paid to enhancing the clinical potential of natural killer (NK) cells in cancer therapy. Despite their potential in clin...

Mapping Variant Effects on Anti-tumor Hallmarks of Primary Human T Cells with Base-Editing Screens

Mapping Variant Effects on Anti-tumor Hallmarks of Primary Human T Cells with Base-Editing Screens

Application of Base Editing Screening Technology in Tumor Immunotherapy T Cell Research Immune cell therapies, such as T cell transfer therapy and CAR T cell therapy, have become important clinical cancer treatment tools in certain disease fields. However, most cancer patients fail to benefit from cell therapies, possibly due to inherent changes in...

Programming Tumor Evolution with Selection Gene Drives to Proactively Combat Drug Resistance

Engineering Selective Gene Drives to Steer Tumor Evolution to Counteract Drug Resistance As tumors evolve, targeted therapies against cancer often fail due to the evolution of drug resistance. This study demonstrates a way to manipulate tumor evolution repeatedly to design therapeutic opportunities, even in the presence of genetic heterogeneity. We...

Tracking-seq Reveals the Heterogeneity of Off-target Effects in CRISPR-Cas9-mediated Genome Editing

Transcriptomics Technology Tracking-Seq Reveals Off-Target Effect Heterogeneity Mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 Research Background With the rapid development of genome editing technologies, the CRISPR-Cas9 system has been widely used in biomedical research due to its high efficiency and ease of operation. However, a significant issue with the CRISPR-Cas9 ...

Patient-derived mini-colons enable long-term modeling of tumor–microenvironment complexity

Patient-derived mini-colons enable long-term modeling of tumor–microenvironment complexity

Long-term Model for Studying Tumor Microenvironment Complexity: Patient-derived Mini-colons Background: The interaction between tumors and their surrounding microenvironment has profound implications for cancer development and treatment. However, existing in vitro tumor models lack the ability to capture these complex interactions. To address this ...