Diagnostic Accuracy of AI Tools for Estimating Gestational Age Based on Blind Ultrasound Scanning Background Accurate estimation of gestational age (GA) is the foundation of good prenatal care, typically achieved through ultrasound examinations. However, many low-resource areas lack sufficient ultrasound equipment, making accurate GA estimation cha...

EEG-Guided Anesthesia and Delirium in Elderly Patients After Cardiac Surgery Research Background Delirium is a common postoperative complication in elderly patients, particularly after cardiac surgery. Delirium not only leads to cognitive decline but also increases hospitalization time and medical costs. Current preventive measures are limited in e...

Pamrevlumab Treatment for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The ZEPHYRUS-1 Randomized Clinical Trial Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a rare interstitial lung disease that typically occurs in adults over 60 years old. It is characterized by cough, breathlessness, and fatigue. This disease leads to progressive loss of lung function, decreased exe...

E-cigarette Cessation SMS Program: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study Targeting Adolescent E-cigarette Users Background In recent years, e-cigarettes have become the most widely used tobacco product among American adolescents. Statistics from 2023 show that over 2.1 million adolescents reported current use of e-cigarettes, including 10% of high scho...

Association Between Milestone Ratings and Certification Exam Scores of Medical Residents and Patient Outcomes Background In the United States, the education and competency assessment of internal medicine residents are primarily conducted through two methods: the Milestone assessment system and the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certific...

Rheumatic Heart Disease Mortality Risk Factors Mortality and Incidence of Rheumatic Heart Disease in Adults Research Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) causes over 300,000 deaths annually, primarily in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Due to a lack of high-quality epidemiological data, understanding of the incidence and mortality of ...

Comprehensive Overview of Mutations in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Among Iranian Patients Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, characterized by almost complete penetrance and high phenotypic variability. This study aims to identify NF1 mutations in Iranian patients using whole-genome exome sequenc...

Astaxanthin Protects Hippocampal Neurons Against Memory Impairment Caused by Vascular Dementia in Rats Background Introduction Vascular Dementia (VAD) is a progressive cognitive disorder caused by cerebrovascular disease leading to cognitive decline. Current research shows that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) and insufficient blood supply are ...

Study on the Protective Effects of Medicinal Microorganisms on Parkinson’s Disease Background Introduction Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. The aggregation of α-synuclein is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of Park...

A scientific paper authored by Ricardo Augusto Leoni de Sousa and his research team was published in Volume 26, Issue 31 of the journal “Neuromolecular Medicine” in 2024. The paper is titled “Physical exercise inhibits cognitive impairment and memory loss in aged mice, and enhances pre- and post-synaptic proteins in the hippocampus of young and age...