Academic Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing autoimmune disorder primarily comprising Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The exact pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, but it is known that abnormal immune responses play a critical role in its development, particularly the imbalance of CD4+ T cells. The...

Structure-Guided Development of Selective Caseinolytic Protease P Agonists as Antistaphylococcal Agents Academic Background Staphylococcus aureus is a common Gram-positive pathogen that can cause various human infections, including skin and soft tissue infections. With the widespread dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRS...

Academic Background Metabolic-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a major health issue affecting over 30% of the global population and is closely related to various chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and renal dysfunction. The pathological spectrum of MASLD ranges from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and progress...

Research on ECG Diagnosis Foundation Model Based on Signal-Language Architecture Academic Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and early identification of high-risk populations is crucial. The electrocardiogram (ECG), a non-invasive, cost-effective, and widely used diagnostic tool, is recorded over 300 mi...

The Role of the Neonatal Gut Microbiota in the Encephalopathy of Prematurity: A Comprehensive Study Academic Background Premature birth (defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation) is a common issue globally, affecting approximately 10% of pregnancies. Preterm infants are at risk of abnormal brain development, known as Encephalopathy of Prematur...

Academic Background and Problem Statement Neurogenic Heterotopic Ossification (NHO) is a pathological condition where ectopic bone tissue forms in muscles following severe central nervous system (CNS) injuries, such as spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), or stroke. NHO not only impairs motor function but can also lead to joint s...

Academic Background Diabetes is a global health issue affecting over 500 million people. Both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) share the common feature of a significant reduction in the number of functional insulin-secreting beta cells. Therefore, restoring or increasing beta cell mass is considered a key strategy in diabetes treatme...

Exploration of the History of Water on Mars: From Seasonal Cycles to Long-Term Evolution Academic Background As one of the planets in the solar system closest to Earth, Mars has long been a focus of scientific interest. The presence and evolution of water on Mars are directly related to whether the planet once had conditions suitable for life. Unde...

Inferring Phase Transitions and Critical Exponents from Limited Observations with Thermodynamic Maps Academic Background Phase transitions are ubiquitous phenomena in nature, ranging from the boiling of water to the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition in magnetic materials, and even to conformational changes in biomolecules such as proteins and n...

Toward Systems Agroecology: Design and Control of Intercropping Academic Background With changing climatic conditions and the gradual depletion of natural resources such as fertile soil and water, exploring alternatives to today’s industrial monocrop farming has become essential. Intercropping (IC), a promising agricultural practice, involves growi...